Salivary gland tumors are rare, causing abnormal cells (tumors) to grow in the salivary glands. The salivary gland creates saliva to aid digestion, keep the mouth moist and promote healthy teeth.
The main three pairs salivary glands under and behind the jaw are parotid, 舌下, 和颌下. Several others are tiny salivary glands found in the lips, 脸颊内侧, 贯穿口腔和喉咙. Salivary gland tumors can occur in any of these salivary glands.
Generally, these tumors are noncancerous (benign), but some may be cancerous. The most common salivary gland tumors happen in the parotid glands. These salivary gland tumors are usually treated with surgery to remove the tumor and may require additional treatments.
The signs of salivary gland tumors include a lump, 肿胀的在下巴上或附近肿胀的, 在脖子上, mouth and numbness in part of the face. The person experiences muscle weakness on one side of the face, persistent pain happens in the salivary gland area, 吞咽困难, 麻烦把嘴张得太大.
When the symptoms continue for long and bother you, get medical advice. A lump or swelling near the salivary gland area is a common sign of a salivary gland tumor, but this doesn’t indicate cancer as generally, 在大多数情况下, 它们是非癌性的(良性). Several noncancerous conditions can cause a swollen salivary gland, such as an infection or a stone in a salivary gland duct.
The cause of the rare condition of salivary gland tumors remains unknown. It starts when a few cells in a salivary gland develop changes (mutations) in their DNA. The DNA cells carry the instructions of the function the cell needs to perform, and the changes guide them to grow and divide rapidly. Hence, the abnormal cells live and when healthy cells would die, accumulating cells form a tumor.
When any additional change occurs in the DNA, the abnormal cells can become cancerous and invade and destroy nearby tissue. These may also break away from the tumor and spread (metastasize) to distant areas of the body.
There are several kinds of salivary gland tumors, which doctors classify depending on the type of cells involved in the tumors. Based on the kind of salivary gland tumor, the doctor determines the treatment options:
Kinds of noncancerous (benign) salivary gland tumors are:
•多形性腺瘤
•基底细胞腺瘤
•管状腺瘤
•嗜酸性
•沃辛肿瘤
Types of cancerous (malignant) salivary gland tumors are:
1. 腺泡细胞癌
2. 腺癌
3. 腺样囊性癌
4. 透明细胞癌
5. 恶性混合性肿瘤
6. 粘液表皮样癌
7. Oncocytic癌
8. 多形性低级别腺癌
9. 唾液管癌
10. 鳞状细胞癌
People are more prone to salivary gland tumors due to:
•年龄较大. These are most commonly seen at old age, though salivary gland tumors may happen to any age group.
•辐射暴露. 一些癌症的放射治疗, like radiation used to treat head and neck cancers, may raise the risk of salivary gland tumors.
• Workplace exposure to some substances. Some jobs where people are involved with certain substances such as rubber manufacturing, 石棉开采和管道工程, 等., may raise the risk of salivary gland tumors.
People who have undergone radiation therapy to the head and neck may often experience very dry mouth (xerostomia) that often lead to frequent infections in the mouth, 蛀牙和牙齿问题, 还有进食困难, 吞咽和说话.
People can relieve a mouth condition and its complications by brushing their teeth several times each day and rinsing the mouth with warm salt water after meals. You can also keep the mouth moistened with water or sugarless candies to stimulate your mouth to produce saliva. Avoid eating dry foods and moisten dry food with sauce, gravy, broth, butter or milk. Avoid any caffeinated and alcoholic beverages. Consume foods and drinks that don’t irritate the mouth.
病人的经验
Arthur Mbanefo酋长, 91岁, former ambassador to the UN and Representative of Nigeria, thanks the 迪拜美国医院 for the excellent medical treatment and personalized care he received.
